Stored-Program Computers
1948-

• Mark I (1948), Manchester University, England

• Bark (Binär Automatisk ReläKalkylator) (1950), Sweden

• Mark I (1951) Ferranti Ltd. of Manchester, first commercial computer; 8 were sold, England

• UNIVAC (Universal Automatic Computer), (1951), IBM 701 (1953), 19 were sold, USA

• Besk (Binär Elektronisk Sekvens- Kalkulator) (1953), Sweden

• NUSSE (Norsk Universell Siffermaskin, Selvstyrt, Elektronisk) (1954), Norway

• Dask (Dansk Automatic Sekvens Kalkulator), based on Besk (1956), Denmark

• Ensi (IBM 650), Postipankki (1958), Finland