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F4D5150 ENVIRONMENTAL
MANAGEMENT,
7 credits, Spring 2003
This
Ph.D. course, primary aimed for research student within environmental
science and environmental technology, is provided by the Ph.D. forum
on technological and societal development that is sustainability
driven. The forum encompasses the Swedish academic institutions
of the Royal Institute of Technology, Mälardalens University, Kalmar
University with the aid from Ångpanneföreningens (ÅF) Forskningsstiftelse.
The course has, during this initial year, attracted researchers from all over Sweden.
Goal
The aim of this course is to enlighten the course participants about
what environmental management is, and its opportunities and obstacles
in various organisations to manage environmental issues and the
challenging concept of sustainable development. An important component
in this process is to get familiar with different theoretical tools,
of perspectives and notions, in order to understand and explain
how and why organisations operate and change.
One
important point of origin for the course is the fact that many Ph.D.
students within the field of environmental management have a natural
science and engineering background while their methodological and
substantial research, to an increasing degree, involves questions
of social scientific characteristics. The course aims at serving
as an introduction to environmental research within social science
with main foci on theoretical perspectives. Consequently, the course
will not describe various technical environmental management tools
(e.g EMS/MLS, EPE, LCA, DFE, MFA, CBA, EIA, CER).
Content
and Organisation
The course extends over five two-day seminars and own preparation
work. The series of seminars is introduced by reflections on environmental
management as scientific paradigm and on technical environmental
management tools, including introductions to a number of competing
and complementary scientific fields, perspectives and theories,
enabling an understanding of theory and practice. Originating from
anthropology, philosophy of science, economics, management control
and sociology following issues and concepts will be dealt with:
·
culture
· paradigm
· technological development
· innovation
· adoption
· diffusion of ideas
· institutionalising
· ideology/identity
· legitimacy
· rationality
· communication
· power/dependency
Applying
these social scientific theories, perspectives and tools of concepts
the issues of why environmental and sustainability challenges are
managed in the way they are in practice will be analysed as well
as critical perspectives on the participants own environmental management
projects. Large emphasis is put on the common discussions held at
the seminars, described below:
Seminar
1: Literature introduction and theoretical positioning. Course introduction.
Seminar
2: Reflections on primary texts: Discussion on fundamental theoretical
texts, as such (see literature below).
Seminar
3: Reflections on secondary texts: Reporting on and discussing optional
environmental management texts (e.g. "corporate environmental management
journals' top 10 references", corporate environmental reports, "cookery-books"
in environmental management, "untheoretical" case studies on environmental
management in companies), considering fundamental theories in the
course.
Seminar
4: Critical reflection of environmental management in practice:
reporting and discussing group works about why organisations manage
environmental and sustainability challenges the way the do from
various theoretical perspectives. Considering fundamental theoretical
texts and environmental management texts, analysing examples from
socio-technical system levels (e.g. transport system), industry
sector (e.g. oil industry), company level (e.g. Shell) and/or technology
level (e.g. car). Examples on cases are provided further down.
Seminar
5: Critical reflections on own environmental management project:
Reporting and discussion on own environmental management project,
considering fundamental theoretical texts and the environmental
management texts that are dealt with earlier in the course.
Course
Demands and Examination
In order to pass the course an active participation at all seminars
is required. An active participation is not merely being active
in discussions, but also making oral introductions and presentations
at the seminar discussions. All participants are expected to be
able to introduce discussions at those seminars that deal with environmental
management in practice and own environmental management projects.
Aside
from active participation at seminar discussions three (3) written
reports shall be handed in. One (1) is carried out in groups of
2-3 persons (seminar 4 - reflections on environmental management
in practice) and two (2) are carried out individually (seminar 3
- secondary reflections, and seminar 5 - reflections on own project).
The written reports shall be sent via email to all four course managers,
due three working days prior to seminar of concern. The individual
reports shall encompass a maximum of 3.000 words, and the group
reports shall not exceed 6.000 words.
Readings
The course literature may be divided in several different ways,
of which the first includes theoretical texts not necessarily with
couplings to environmental management, primary readings (see below).
The primary texts are introduced at seminar 1 and are discussed
during seminar 2. The primary texts consist of central texts (circus
200 pages) which are obligatory to read and surrounding texts (circus
300 pages) which can be read at sight. The course literature encompasses,
moreover, secondary texts as well as case studies that are connected
to respective environmental management object of study that are
to be presented and discussed at seminar 4. Secondary text may be
chosen freely as long as they have a clear connection to environmental
management. Each person shall analyse/reflect on a (1) secondary
text. Examples on secondary texts are presented below. The case
studies represent empirical data and to a certain degree theoretical
analyses on environmental management in practice. Each person shall
in group analyse/reflect on a case study. The different cases and
related suggestions on literature will be presented in a separate
PM, during the course.
Primary
readings
(*) States core readings that are obligatory to read and analyse.
Critical
Reflection on Environmental Management (tools):
*Peter Dobers, Lars Strannegård & Rolf
Wolff, 2001, Knowledge interests in corporate environmental
management, Business Strategy and the Environment 10(6): 335-343
*Pall Rikhardsson & Richard Welford,
1997, "Clouding the Crises: the Construction of Environmental Management"
in Welford R. (Ed.) Hijacking Environmentalism: Corporate Responses
to Sustainable Development. Earthscan Publications Ltd., London,
UK, pp. 40-62.
*Richard Welford, 1998, Editorial: Corporate environmental
management, technology and sustainable development: postmodern perspectives
and the need for a critical research agenda, Business Strategy and
the Environment 7(1): 1-12.
Richard Welford, "From green to golden: hijacking
environmentalism, chapt 2 in: Hijacking Environmentalism, R. Welford
(red.) (Earthscan, 1997)
Pontus Cerin 2002, Communication in Corporate Environmental
Reports. Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management.
9(1): 46-65.
Culture,
Paradigm and Industrial Development:
*Thomas Kuhn, The structure of scientific revolutions
(1962); Particularly chapt 5 ("The priority of paradigms"); chapt
6 ("Anomaly and the emergence of scientific discovery"); chapt 7
("Crisis and emergence of scientific theories")
*Staffan Laestadius, Arbetsdelningens dynamic (1992);
Particularly chapt 2.2 ("De vetenskapliga begreppens födelse och
utveckling")
*Giovanni Dosi, Technical change and industrial transformation
(1984); Particularly chapt 2.2 ("A proposed interpretation: technological
paradigms and technological trajectories")
*Richard Nelson & Sidney Winter, An
evolutionary theory of economic change (1982); Particularly chapt
11, sid 255-262 ("Cumulative technological advance")
René Kemp, Environmental policy and technical change
(Edward Elgar, 1997); Particularly chapt 10, ("Continuity and change
in technological regimes"); chapt 11 ("Understanding technological
regime shifts")
Edward Constant, The origins of the turbojet revolution
(1980); per chapt 1, sid 8-32 ("The community structure of technological
pactice")
Roger Axelsson et al., Mikroekonomi (Studentlitteratur,
1998); Particularly chapt 8.2 "Externa effekter och miljöekonomi"
New
Institutionalism in Organisational Theory:
*Roine Johansson, Nyinstitutionalismen i organisationsanalysen
(Studentlitteratur, 2002); Particularly chapt 6 ("Idéspridning och organisationsförändring"),
chapt 7 ("Begreppsutveckling inom svensk nyinstitutionalism")
*Birgitta Schwartz, Det miljöanpassade företaget (Nerenius
& Santérus, 1997); särskilt kap 7 ("Varför gör de som de gör: automorfism
och institutionalisering")
Birgitta Schwartz, Det miljöanpassade företaget (Nerenius
& Santérus, 1997); Particularly chapt 6 ("Miljöstrategiska processer
ur ett dramaperspektiv")
Eva Terrvik, "Chanelling" sustainability: green private
brand strategies in grocery retailing, 16th NFF Conference, 16-18
August 2001.
Critical
Theory - Rationality and Communicative Action:
*Jürgen Habermas, Kommunikativt handlande, 2:a uppl.
(Daidalos, 1995); Particularly chapt 5 ("Om begreppet kommunikativ handling")
*Mats Alvesson & Hugh Willmott, Making
sense of management (Sage, 1996); Particularly chapt 4 ("Critical conceptualizations
of management"); chapt 5 ("Critically assessing management specialisms
1: Organization theory, marketing and strategic management")
Mats Alvesson & Hugh Willmott, Making
sense of management (Sage, 1996); särskilt chapt 1 ("Management
in critical perspective")
Fredrik Burström von Malmborg, 2002, Environmental
management systems, communicative action and organizational learning,
Business Strategy and the Environment 11(5): 312-323.
Secondary
readings (examples)
WCED, Our common future (Oxford University Press,
1987)
S. Schmidheiny, Changing course (MIT Press, 1992)
R. Welford & A. Gouldson, Environmental
management and business strategy (Pitman publishing, 1993)
R. Welford, Environmental strategy and sustainable
development: The corporate challenge for the twenty-first century
(Routledge, 1995)
ME. Porter & C van der Linde, 1995,
Green and competitive: Ending the stalemate, Harvard Business Review
73(5): 120-134
CB. Hunt & ER. Auster, 1990, Proactive
environmental management: Avoiding the toxic trap, Sloan Management
Review 18(7)
S. Hart, 1995, A natural resource-based view of the
firm, Academy of Management Review 20(4): 986-1014
F. Cairncross, Costing the earth: The challenges for
governments, the opportunities for business (Harvard Business Scholl
Press, 1991)
N. Roome, 1992, Developing environmental management
strategies, Business Strategy and the Environment 1(1): 11-24
N. Walley & B. Whitehead, 1994, It's
not easy being green, Harvard Business Review 72(3): 46-52
R. Welford, Corporate environmental management 1:
Systems and strategies (Earthscan, 1996)
A. Blair & D. Hitchcock, Environment
and business (Routledge, 2001)
LR. Rowledge et al., Mapping the journey:
Case studies in strategy and action toward sustainable development
(Greenleaf, 1999)
CO. Holliday et al., Walking the talk: The business
case for sustainable development (Greenleaf, 2002)
Environmental/Sustainability Reports from firms
Course
Management and Examinator
TeknLic. Pontus Cerin, Industrial Economy and Management,
Royal Institute of Technology, E-mail: cerin@kth.se
·
Doc. Staffan Laestadius, Industrial Economy and Management,
Royal Institute of Technology (Examinator) E-mail: s_lastadius@lector.kth.se
·
TeknDr. Fredrik von Malmborg, Industriell
miljöteknik, LiU (Administrating/Coordinating), E-mail: fredrik.von.malmborg@ikp.liu.se
·
EkonDr. Birgitta Schwartz, Ekonomi och informatik,
MdH E-mail: birgitta.schwartz@mdh.se
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